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A battery passport is a digital record linked to a physical battery. It stores important information about the battery’s identity, manufacturer, material composition, carbon footprint, recycled content, performance, durability, state of health, safety, supply chain due diligence, and end-of-life handling.
In the EU, the digital battery passport becomes mandatory from 18 February 2027 for electric vehicle batteries, light means of transport batteries, and industrial batteries with a capacity greater than 2 kWh placed on the EU market or put into service. This requirement comes from Regulation (EU) 2023/1542, also known as the EU Battery Regulation.
A digital battery passport can be understood as the battery sector’s Digital Product Passport. It connects the physical battery to structured lifecycle data through a QR code and unique identifier, helping manufacturers, importers, regulators, recyclers, repairers, second-life operators, and customers access relevant battery information based on their access rights.
Source: Regulation (EU) 2023/1542, Article 77 and European Commission Digital Product Passport for Batteries guidance
Batteries are becoming central to electric mobility, energy storage, consumer electronics, industrial equipment, and renewable energy systems. As battery demand grows, regulators and businesses need better ways to understand where batteries come from, what materials they contain, how they perform, and how they can be reused, repurposed, or recycled.
The EU Battery Regulation introduces the battery passport to improve transparency across the battery value chain. It is designed to support better compliance, stronger traceability, responsible sourcing, circular economy practices, and improved access to reliable battery data.
For companies placing batteries on the EU market, the battery passport is not only a future compliance requirement. It is also a practical data challenge. Businesses will need to collect, structure, verify, update, and share battery information across suppliers, systems, and stakeholders.
The EU battery passport becomes mandatory from 18 February 2027.
From this date, each of the following battery categories placed on the EU market or put into service must have an electronic record called a battery passport:
This requirement is set out in Article 77 of Regulation (EU) 2023/1542.
For a more detailed timeline, see our guide to the Battery Passport 2027 deadline.
Source: Regulation (EU) 2023/1542, Article 77
The requirement applies to batteries placed on the EU market or put into service in the EU. This means companies involved in manufacturing, importing, distributing, integrating, or placing these batteries on the EU market should assess whether their products fall within the scope of the EU Battery Regulation.
The economic operator placing the battery on the market is responsible for ensuring that the battery passport information is accurate, complete, accessible, and up to date. Another operator may be authorised in writing to act on its behalf, but the regulation places responsibility on the economic operator placing the battery on the market.
Source: Regulation (EU) 2023/1542, Article 77
A battery passport must include information about the battery model and information specific to the individual battery. Depending on the battery category and applicable requirements, this may include information generated during the use of the battery.
Typical battery passport data may include:
Not all battery passport data will be publicly available. Some information will be accessible to the public, some only to persons with a legitimate interest and the European Commission, and some only to notified bodies, market surveillance authorities, and the European Commission.
This access-rights model is important because battery passports must balance transparency with commercial sensitivity, privacy, security, and regulatory oversight.
Source: Regulation (EU) 2023/1542, Article 77 and Annex XIII
A battery passport is accessed through a QR code linked to a unique identifier. From 18 February 2027, batteries must be marked with a QR code. For batteries in scope of the passport requirement, the QR code must provide access to the battery passport.
The QR code and unique identifier must follow recognised standards. The EU Battery Regulation refers to ISO/IEC 15459 standards or equivalent standards for the QR code and unique identifier.
A digital battery passport should support:
For more detail on digital identifiers and supply chain data access, read our guide to QR code linked to a unique identifier.
Source: Regulation (EU) 2023/1542, Articles 13, 77 and 78
A battery passport should not be treated as a simple PDF, document repository, or static webpage. The EU Battery Regulation requires battery passport information to be based on open standards and provided in an interoperable format. It should be transferable through an open interoperable data exchange network without vendor lock-in, and it should be machine-readable, structured, and searchable.
This means companies need to think beyond document storage. A battery passport system should be able to manage structured product data, access rights, updates, identifiers, interoperability, and secure data sharing across the battery value chain.
Source: Regulation (EU) 2023/1542, Article 77 and Article 78
Although the battery passport is a regulatory requirement, it can also create business value. A well-designed digital battery passport can help companies improve data management, strengthen compliance readiness, and support circular economy strategies.
Key benefits include:
Battery passports help companies prepare for EU Battery Regulation requirements by organising battery data in a structured and accessible way.
Battery passports can make it easier to trace battery materials, components, manufacturing information, and lifecycle data across complex supply chains.
Battery passport data can support repair, reuse, repurposing, remanufacturing, and recycling by providing relevant information to authorised users.
Recyclers and waste management operators may need access to battery information to understand composition, safety requirements, and recovery options.
Battery passports can help regulators, business partners, and customers access relevant information about battery sustainability, performance, and compliance.
Preparing for battery passports encourages companies to identify data gaps, define ownership, improve supplier data collection, and connect internal systems.
Battery passport compliance depends on data that may sit across different teams, suppliers, and IT systems. Manufacturers and importers should start preparing before the 2027 deadline to avoid missing data, supplier delays, and integration issues.
Use this checklist as a starting point:
Check whether you place EV batteries, LMT batteries, or industrial batteries above 2 kWh on the EU market.
Identify where battery data is currently stored, including ERP, PLM, MES, LCA tools, supplier spreadsheets, quality systems, battery management systems, and recycling records.
Review whether suppliers can provide the required data on material composition, critical raw materials, recycled content, due diligence, and carbon footprint.
Collect data related to carbon footprint, recycled content, performance, durability, state of health, safety, and end-of-life handling.
Decide which information should be public, which should be restricted to authorities, and which should be available only to authorised business users or parties with legitimate interest.
Make sure each battery can be connected to its digital record through a QR code and unique identifier.
Your system should support structured data, interoperability, updates over time, access control, security, privacy, and future Digital Product Passport requirements.
A pilot helps identify data gaps, workflow issues, supplier delays, and technical integration problems before the regulation becomes mandatory.
Many companies are still at an early stage of battery passport preparation. The main challenge is not only understanding the regulation, but also preparing the data and systems needed to comply.
Common challenges include:
These challenges should be addressed early because battery passport compliance will require coordination across sustainability, compliance, engineering, procurement, IT, data, and supply chain teams.
DigiProd Pass helps businesses prepare for Digital Product Passport and battery passport requirements by creating structured, secure, and accessible digital product records.
For battery passport preparation, DigiProd Pass can support battery data gap analysis, supplier data mapping, QR code and unique identifier integration, access-rights planning, lifecycle data management, and pilot implementation.
A pilot can help companies test their data readiness, identify missing information, and prepare internal teams before the 2027 deadline.
A digital battery passport is the electronic system or record that makes battery passport information accessible through a QR code and unique identifier. It allows different users to access relevant battery data based on defined access rights.
A battery passport can be understood as the battery sector’s Digital Product Passport. It applies product-passport principles to batteries under Regulation (EU) 2023/1542, while the broader Digital Product Passport concept can apply to other product categories.
The EU battery passport becomes mandatory from 18 February 2027 for electric vehicle batteries, light means of transport batteries, and industrial batteries with a capacity greater than 2 kWh placed on the EU market or put into service.
Battery passports are required for electric vehicle batteries, light means of transport batteries, and industrial batteries above 2 kWh. These are the battery categories covered by the passport requirement under the EU Battery Regulation.
The economic operator placing the battery on the EU market is responsible for ensuring that the battery passport information is accurate, complete, accessible, and up to date.
A battery passport may include model-level and battery-specific information such as manufacturer details, battery chemistry, material composition, carbon footprint, recycled content, performance, durability, state of health, safety, and end-of-life information.
A battery passport is accessed through a QR code linked to a unique identifier. The information should be structured, machine-readable, searchable, interoperable, secure, and available according to defined access rights.
No. The battery passport requirement applies to LMT batteries, electric vehicle batteries, and industrial batteries with a capacity greater than 2 kWh. Other battery categories may have separate labelling and information requirements.
Companies should prepare early because battery passport compliance depends on supplier data, internal systems, lifecycle information, access rights, QR code implementation, and data governance. These activities can take time to organise properly.
The battery passport is one of the most important upcoming requirements under the EU Battery Regulation. From 18 February 2027, EV batteries, LMT batteries, and industrial batteries above 2 kWh placed on the EU market or put into service must have an electronic record called a battery passport.
For businesses, the key challenge is not only understanding the regulation. It is preparing the data, systems, suppliers, and workflows needed to create accurate, structured, secure, and interoperable battery passports.
Early preparation will help companies identify data gaps, align suppliers, improve traceability, support circularity, and maintain access to the EU battery market.
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